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0:06 Let me see. All right, people say good morning. 0:11 Good morning. Such as Baruch Hashem. 0:14 Tibbatin base medrash shas all of you begin by thanking our sponsors for this morning's sheer. 0:19 To thank our eternal Torah sponsors for the month of Sivan. 0:22 Hava Alenu Letova, Avraham and Shaindy Kalman in memory of Avraham's father and father-in-law, Yechiel ben Avraham. 0:30 For all of the brachas that the family sponsors, Alan and Sarah Steinberg for dedicating all of the dedicating the sheer today in the zechus of continued health for shlamus Chaya bas Susha and for ultimate refuah shleimah. 0:41 And of course, as always, we dedicate our learning in the zechus of our brothers and sisters in Eretz Yisrael. 0:46 For all the soldiers, may they be successful b'chol ma'asei yedeihem and may we be zocheh b'meheira b'Yemei Moshiach to week of beautiful brachas, yeshu'os, and nechamot. 0:53 With that, let us begin. 0:54 We have an exciting daf ahead of us today. 0:57 Today's daf is lamed bais, 32 lamed. 1:02 Lamed. I got to tell you, it's going to be a good daf. 1:04 The heart of maseches chullin. 1:06 So, let's begin. We're beginning at the Mishnah. 1:08 So, we're going to be getting into today some of the really interesting halachos concerning hilchos shechitah. 1:15 Concerning hilchos shechitah. So, again, we're going to continue hilchos shechitah. 1:18 Let's begin with the Mishnah, lamed bais amud aleph. 1:21 Says the Mishnah, "Naflah sakin v'higbi'ah." 1:24 See, here's the case, we'll say. 1:25 A person is shechting. 1:27 Right? So, call him Reuven. 1:28 Reuven is doing his shechitah. 1:29 And what happens? He dropped his knife. 1:31 Never a good sign. 1:33 Never a good sign. 1:33 He dropped his knife and what happens? 1:35 He picks it up. 1:36 Now, what's happening over here? 1:38 If you take a quick look at Rashi in the Mishnah, Rashi says, "Naflah sakin v'higbi'ah, pesulah bagbozu." 1:44 So, the topic over here that we are focusing on is the psul of shehiyah. 1:48 We've referenced this many times. 1:50 Today, we're actually going to get into the mechanics >> of shihya. 1:56 Shihya means the act of pausing during shrita. 1:59 If one is shohef, one pauses during shrita, ultimately again the shrita is invalid. 2:06 The pastors, why does why does shihya why does shihya go invalid the animal? 2:11 So we're going to discuss, but on the most basic level, could be that part of the concern is that when the animal is being shechted, the animal may also writhe and move. 2:20 If you begin the cut but don't finish the cut, the concern may be that the animal through its own writhing and movement may actually tear the simanim. 2:28 And therefore tearing the simanim could invalidate the shrita. 2:30 We'll see other reasons as well. 2:31 So that's the case over here. 2:32 Naflo sakin degvia. So I dropped the knife, I dropped the knife and I paused to pick it up, or naflo kelav degvia degvian, or I dropped my stuff. 2:41 Kelav means my utensils, whatever those utensils may be. 2:43 Rashi says over here bigad av. 2:45 An article of clothing slipped off me and I paused to pick up the article of clothing, or hish chis es ha sakin. 2:53 I sharpened my knife, va av, and then I became faint during shrita. 2:58 Now Rashi says over here, look at Rashi, o she hish chis es hish chis es ha sakin kodem shrita. 3:03 So I sharpened my knife before shrita, va av Rashi says nisya gaya u kisha hish chis lish kod lo haya ba klach o pasuk shrita so ba chavar ha shachat. 3:13 So what what happened over here is it's interesting the intro here. 3:16 I sharpened my knife. 3:17 Now sharpened my knife means I'm ready. 3:19 I'm ready. I did what I was supposed to do to ready myself for a proper shrita. 3:24 Then what happens? I'm in the midst of the shrita and va, I become faint. 3:27 Now we'll say what happened? 3:29 Ba chavar ha shachat, my friend came along and finished up the shrita. 3:33 So these are three distinct cases of shihya. 3:37 Right? Case number one, I started the shrita, dropped the knife, picked it back up and resumed. 3:41 Case number two, my article of clothing fell off me, I paused, picked it up, resumed the shrita. 3:46 And case number three is I sharpened my knife, which means I was ready to go. 3:49 I'm I'm good to go. 3:50 I started it, I became a little bit faint in the midst of shrita. 3:54 My friend came and finished it up. 3:55 In all of these cases, there was some type of pause which occurred in the midst of the shrita process. 4:02 So, what's the shaila? 4:04 The shaila is is the shrita kosher or not? 4:06 To which the Mishnah says, it depends. 4:09 Im shok kiday shrita pasul. 4:12 If you paused the wording over here is a bit ambiguous. 4:16 I'm going to define. 4:17 If you paused the amount of time that it would take to do a shrita, the shrita is pasul. 4:22 Okay, so what it sounds like over here is again, if you pause the amount of time to do a shrita, what does it mean amount of time to do a shrita? 4:27 Amount of time to finish the shrita, to do a whole shrita, what kind of animal shrita? 4:32 So, we'll discuss that in the Gemara. 4:33 Point over here is for the first time in since we started Maseches Chullin, we've referenced shihya many times. 4:40 Now, the first time we have a shear. 4:42 What is the shear? 4:42 What is the amount for shihya? 4:44 If you pause the amount of time to do a shrita, your shrita is invalid. 4:51 Okay, Rebbi Shimon bar Shemen says, im shok kiday bikur. 4:54 Rebbi Shimon says, no, no, no. 4:55 The shear for shihya is not kiday shrita. 4:58 It's not the amount of time to do a shrita. 4:59 Rather, the shear for shihya is shok kiday bikur. 5:03 You paused enough time for an inspection. 5:07 For an inspection? Inspection of what? 5:09 Inspection by who? We'll see in the Gemara. 5:11 Rebbi Shimon says, let's analyze. 5:12 Says the Gemara, "Mahi kiday shrita?" 5:14 So, let's go back. 5:14 So, now Rebbi Shimon bar Shemen told us that the shear for shrita is kiday shrita, the amount of time. 5:20 So, if you paused the amount of time that it takes to do a shrita, your shrita is invalid. 5:25 "Mahi kiday shrita?" Amarav, "Kiday shrita biheima acheres." 5:29 So, Rav says, it's the amount of time that it takes to shecht another animal. 5:33 So, again Rebbi Shimon says, what's interesting, as opposed to saying the amount of time that it would take to finish up the shrita, actually the Gemara is giving us a little bit of a larger shear. 5:42 What it's saying is it's the amount of time that it takes to do an entire shrita. 5:46 So, let let let's just give it a Let Let Let's say it takes Let's say it takes 10 seconds to do a Let's call it takes 1 minute to do a shchitah. 5:56 So, what Rav Shimon is saying is like this is if I'm shcheting and I pause, if I pause a minute, the amount of time that it takes to do a shchitah, ultimately again, the animal the shchitah is going to be 6:05 invalid. Only Rav Kahana Rav Asi the Rav This is interesting. 6:10 So, Rav Kahana and Rav Asi said to Rav, "K'dei shchitas beheima beheima of a of a of." 6:16 So, what they're saying is so, remember, in the world of shchitah, there's different types of shchitah. 6:20 There's shchitas beheima. Beheima means again like large animals versus shchitah of an of of a bird. 6:27 Now, the assumption we're working on is that it takes much less time to shchet the bird than it does to go ahead and shchet the beheima. 6:34 So, when we say that the shiur for sh'hiyah is the amount of time that it takes to do a shchitah, what kind of shchitah? 6:42 Do we mean like if you're shcheting an animal, a beheima? 6:45 So, is the shiur of shchitah for a beheima? 6:47 But, if you're shcheting an of, it's the shiur of shchitah for an of. 6:50 Or dilma of beheima lo of. 6:53 Or maybe not. Maybe we're meikal. 6:54 And maybe we say even if you're shcheting an of, the amount of time that you have before your shchitah is invalidated for a for for The amount of time you have before your shchitah is invalidated for an of is the 7:07 amount of time that it would take to shchet a beheima. 7:10 That's our shailah. So, amarlohu This is very interesting. 7:14 So, Rav responded, "Lo hava bi Lo hava Lo hava badikna bei bei Khabibi." 7:20 I was not on good enough terms with my uncle. 7:24 Now, Rav's uncle uncle is Rav Chiya. 7:26 Rav Chiya was one of the ones asking the shailah to. 7:28 The shailah. So, apparently when I was having this conversation with my uncle, we weren't I I I didn't feel that he was in a good enough mood to be able to go ahead and get into the into the the of 7:40 this. Look at Rashi for just a moment. 7:42 Lo hamna badichna be habibi de shani lo haisi lo haisa daity gasav bidodi Rabi Hiya. 7:49 I wasn't I thought I wasn't close enough with my uncle Rabi Hiya kishala marati halacha zu when we were learning this halacha lo haya be saver panim imi shesh shesh al ano davar za. 8:01 So again, whatever their relationship dynamic was, Rav said in that moment in that moment I felt it wasn't good enough for me to kind of get into the nitty-gritty of this particular conversation. 8:13 The other side isn't that fascinating? 8:14 Again, what what what what that means like what's involved in that no idea. 8:19 But it's just simply fascinating. 8:20 I felt that it just it wasn't it wasn't a good time. 8:22 The other side there there is this concept there is this concept that sometimes you know it's like the Mishnah in Pirkei Avot the Mishnah in Pirkei Avot says that well, first of all Alach says in Koheles lekol zman va'es there's 8:32 a time for everything. 8:34 So sometimes again, there's a time to ask questions there's a time not to ask questions. 8:37 So whatever the dynamic over here was Rav felt that he was unable to ask his uncle Rabi Hiya certain deeper details. 8:46 So the Gemara goes right to it. 8:47 Mar Amar Rav so Rav said so what say then interestingly enough Rav himself answers his own question. 8:52 So what say so again, let's just frame what we have over here. 8:54 Mishnah tells us that the sheer for shehiyah the amount of time that you have to pause during a shechitah in order to invalidate the shechitah is kedei shechitah the amount of time it takes to do a shechitah. 9:08 What's the Gemara's question? 9:09 What did they ask? 9:10 Rav Rav, what what is what does that mean? 9:13 Is that the amount of shechitah of a beheima for a beheima, an ofe for an ofe, or maybe no even if you're shechting an ofe, you still have the sheur of shechitah for a beheima. 9:22 Which which one is it? 9:24 So the Gemara says itmar amar Rav so Rav said kedei shechitas beheima lebeheima veofe leofe. 9:29 So Rav said it's beheima lebeheima and ofe leofe. 9:33 So in other words, the sheur of shehiyah is subjective. 9:36 Subjective everything depends what you are shafting. 9:40 So, if you are shafting a behema, the sheer for shihia is is a behema. 9:44 If you're shafting an oath, the sheer for shihia is an oath. 9:48 That's the way it works. 9:49 That's the way it works. 9:49 Shmuel and Shmuel says, I feel the behema of the oath. 9:52 Shmuel says, no, we're mekel. 9:54 We're mekel. And if you're shafting an oath, you still get the sheer shihia for a behema. 9:58 The also rather I feel the behema of the oath. 10:01 So, both says machlokes Ravin Shmuel. 10:03 So, Rav says Rav says the sheer for shihia is fundamentally subjective and is wholly dependent on what it is that you're shafting. 10:10 Whatever the type of animal you're shafting, that's what determines the sheer for shihia. 10:14 So, you're shafting a behema, shihia is the amount of time it takes to shaft a behema. 10:18 You're shafting an oath, it's the amount of time you take to shaft an oath. 10:22 Shmuel says there's a kula. 10:23 Shmuel says there's a kula. 10:25 No matter what you're shafting, you always get the sheer shihia for a behema. 10:31 For a behema. So, which is really incredible. 10:32 So, even if you're shafting a bird, right, you still the sheer for shihia is still going to be the sheer for a behema. 10:38 Incredible. So, Rav Rav Chanina Amar Rav Chanina says Rav Chanina takes it even a step further. 10:44 He says, "K'dei sh'yavi behema acheres v'yishchot." 10:48 Huh. Rav Chanina says, "What's the sheer of shihia? 10:51 The amount of time that it would take to go get another animal and shaft it." 10:55 The world says, "What? 10:57 Yavi a filu me'alma na'asasa d'vara acheres l'shiurin." 11:01 How could that be? 11:02 The amount of time it takes to get an animal? 11:04 Where would I get it from? 11:04 Yavi shaila. Where are you getting it from? 11:07 So, what am I going to tell you? 11:07 I I only like to get my animals from New Jersey. 11:10 Right? I I like Jersey animals. 11:11 So, now what? So, I'm shafting in Baltimore. 11:14 So, I So, the sheer for shihia for me is the amount of time it takes to get an animal from New Jersey, bring it back to Baltimore, and shaft it. 11:19 It doesn't make any sense. 11:20 Rav Papa "Omedes l'hatil iko b'naihu." 11:24 So, Papa says, no, no, no. 11:25 The point of contention over here about say is the amount of time that it takes ultimately again to put the animal down on the ground. 11:33 Look at Rashi for just a moment. 11:34 This is actually quite interesting. 11:36 Omedes, I will say this is Rashi in the second wide line on the bottom there, middle of the second wide line, Omedes. 11:42 Kan um seras hatala la'aretz. 11:45 So what Rabbi Chanina says that Allah might say the amount of time it takes to get another animal. 11:49 He doesn't mean get. 11:50 What he means is like this. 11:51 So what I say, so remember the way they're how are they shechting in the times of the Gemara, right? 11:56 So they didn't have these machines like you have today which right which keep the animal in place, lift up the neck. 12:01 That's not what they had there. 12:02 Or lift right what they had is the way you shecht the animal was to push the animal down to the ground, right? 12:07 And you held it in place. 12:08 That's how you shechted. 12:10 So Rashi says Omedes Kan um seras hatala la'aretz. 12:14 So ultimately again I will say the point of contention between Rabbi Chanina and Shmuel or and Rabbi Yochanan ultimately again is do we factor in the amount of time it takes to push the animal down to the ground. 12:27 Look at Rashi. Ika bein Rabbi Chanina and Rabbi Yochanan. 12:30 Rabbi Yochanan mesha'er beshchita lechuda. 12:33 So Rabbi Yochanan's position is the amount of shehiya is determined ultimately again by the amount of time it takes to do the shechita itself. 12:41 Rabbi Chanina boi hatala ushchita. 12:44 Rabbi Chanina says no, the sheer of shehiya also includes the amount of time that it would take to get the animal down on the ground. 12:51 Incredible. Amri Rav Ammar Rav Mishma d'Rav Yose d'Rav Chanina kedei sheyakbina vihavitzena viyeshchot dakala dakala vegassala gassala. 13:01 So listen to this narrative. 13:02 So what is saying of Rabbi of Rabbi Yose d'Rav Chanina that the sheer shehiya is the amount of time it takes listen to this to pick up the animal to pick up the animal yakbina. 13:12 Yarbizena means again get it down on the ground and shecht it. 13:18 And then shecht it. 13:19 And obviously again it's going to be a subjective sheer for a beheima daka for right a smaller animal for a smaller animal and a larger animal for a larger animal. 13:26 I will say one more Rashi. 13:27 I'm sorry. Daka la daka rash this third wide line. 13:31 Le shehias beheima daka mishavina ve de shchitas beheima daka. 13:35 De kavasa. De afoga de rav yoka de rav yoka de rav yoka de kima de kima de rav yoka de rav yoka so what is this again? 13:40 So these are all What's fascinating over here is these are objective Excuse me, subjective shiurim for shehiya. 13:47 Subjective shiurim. So again, now what's interesting is that a lot of ways we're building in other parts of the shechita process, not only the slaughter itself, but actually again like the readying of the animal, lifting up of the animal, pushing 13:59 it down to the ground, all going to be part of the sheer shehiya. 14:03 Incredible. We'll come back to that for just a moment. 14:07 So what Rava says, "Ha shocheit be sakin ra." 14:11 So if one goes ahead if one goes ahead and checks the sakin ra. 14:16 Now you know what I'm going to say, "What's a sakin ra?" 14:18 So Rashi says over here, "Sakin ra shein chibuda me to choteach yafeh." 14:23 It's not sharpened properly. 14:24 Now again everyone's going to say. 14:25 Now what I want to point out over here, not that it has any nicks, right? 14:29 Because remember again if you have a nicked knife, we'll talk about that next. 14:32 That's a problem of derasa, right? 14:34 Well, I'm sorry. That's a problem of ikur. 14:36 That's going to be a problem of tearing. 14:37 Going to be a problem of tearing. 14:38 So what we're talking about over here is there's no nicks. 14:40 It's just dull. It's just dull. 14:42 So the mar says, "Listen to this." 14:44 Ha shocheit be sakin ra afilu kol hayom kulah ksheira. 14:47 If you shecht with a dull knife and you're shechting the whole day, ultimately again the shechita is going to be kasher. 14:54 Now what does this mean shechting the whole day? 14:56 Look at Rashi. Rashi is five lines in end of the fifth line of the wide lines. 15:00 Afilu kol hayom kulah maarich maarich vishoeh be shechita achas. 15:06 So you know what I'm going to say, "So literally again I'm spending the whole day on one shechita, back and forth, back and forth, back and forth, back and forth, all on one shechita." 15:16 So what's the halacha? 15:17 Ksheira. Ultimately again the shechita is going to be kasher. 15:21 Shechita's kasher. Now Rashi says over here however kasha." 15:27 cuz what say interestingly enough there's no shiya. 15:29 Cuz what what have I been doing over here? 15:31 Back and forth. Back and forth. 15:33 So I've been going back and forth with a cutting motion. 15:34 Took me a long time. 15:36 Right? But there's no soul. 15:38 Again what I'm saying is obviously not ideal. 15:40 But there's no there's nothing invalidating about this shita. 15:43 So by Rava Rava asks the shaila. 15:46 Shiya's mahu shiyits tarful. 15:49 So at the end of the day the Gemara says shiya's which means So what say here's what he established. 15:54 We'll see the Shulchan Aruch in just a moment about halacha l'maisa what is the what is the shiyur for shiya. 16:01 What How do we actually pasken? 16:03 But what say but let's say this. 16:04 Whatever the shiyur is what happens if over the course of shita you paused a number of times. 16:10 But each time you paused it was less than the invalidating shiyur. 16:16 So the shaila is do those independent smaller pauses do they combine to form one shiyur of shiya or not? 16:25 That's the shaila by Rava. 16:26 Shiya's mahu shiyits tarful. 16:29 So do smaller acts of pausing combine to form one invalidating one invalidating shiyur of shiya? 16:37 I have a tip short law mididay. 16:39 But why don't you just go ahead and answer from the previous case? 16:42 Now what say now here's what's interesting. 16:43 The previous case where you're shacting the whole day with a dull knife the Gemara presupposes that that case actually is talking about where you paused during the shita as well. 16:52 And yet the Gemara said that the shita is kosher. 16:54 To which Gemara says no hasam be the low shaha. 16:57 No no no that there was no shiya there. 16:59 You were cutting the whole day with a dull knife but there was no shiya. 17:03 So by Rava Rava Nasan shab So again as what say so everything the Gemara doesn't answer that question. 17:08 But as Gemara then goes on to another question. 17:10 Shab um sh um I'm sorry. 17:13 Um by Rava Rava Nasan shab simana mahu. 17:17 So what say this actually another interesting case. 17:20 What happens if the Mesa? 17:23 What happens if you shocked it the robe of the sea model let's say by the hammer you shocked it the majority of both sea model and then you did she here by the last remaining minority of the sea model. 17:34 So right what's interesting about this right what what defines a kosher defines a kosher majority of the sea model. 17:41 So what happens if you shocked it the majority of the sea model you did she here by the remaining minority of the sea model what is the so does that invalidate the or not? 17:52 To which the answers take the doesn't answer the just leaves that leaves that open. 17:56 [clears throat] So two so two so two open-ended questions over here. 18:01 So what's I so number one we'll have to see what is the sheer for she here what is it what is it multi-way what is it that's number one number two if you pause a number of times but each time 18:14 less than the sheer of she here do those individual pauses combine to form a disqualifying pause of she here? 18:22 And question number three if you did she here after you shocked it the majority of the sea model does she here by the mute of the sea model invalidate the or not also open-ended let's finish up the and she shocked 18:35 it the bigger and I get a remember again she the mission disagreed and she said that the sheer for she here is not the amount of time for she here but rather could they be good the amount of time that 18:47 it takes to inspect inspect now the what what does this mean so could they be good the amount of time that it would take for the to check the knife you are so once again then haven't you created a subjective 19:06 sheer why cuz it was said the assumption is what do I have to do I have to take the knife to a Thomas to it. 19:12 So does isn't isn't that a subjective shear? 19:15 To which the Gamora says that what it means is like this. 19:20 Let's assume for a moment that the show hate himself is the ranking sage of the city. 19:27 As such, who's inspecting the knife? 19:28 Who's inspecting knife? The show hate himself. 19:31 Sham Shimon says that the amount of Shimon Shimon is the amount of time that it takes to go ahead and inspect the knife from any disqualifications. 19:39 Therefore, I will say our mission our mission has a fundamental what is the shear of Shimon Shimon? 19:45 Thomas Sorry, sorry. Thomas could they Shimon Shimon the amount of time it takes to Shimon Shimon. 19:50 Now, how long is that? 19:51 So that's a multi-way yes. 19:53 Maybe Shimon could they be good the amount of time that it takes to go ahead and the amount of time that it takes to go ahead and have a Thomas go ahead and inspect it. 20:02 So I'll tell you the Shimon has to listen to this. 20:05 This is your day off in your day off. 20:07 Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon and Shimon Shimon base. 20:13 Actually, it's base in Shimon Shimon. 20:14 So listen to the of the Shimon Shimon. 20:16 Shimon Shimon says Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon. 20:19 What is the of Shimon Shimon? 20:21 Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon. 20:23 Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon. 20:27 So what what's the case? 20:28 The case is I started Shimon Shimon and I lifted my hand which means just I paused. 20:32 I paused before finishing the Shimon Shimon. 20:35 Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon what happens? 20:45 So again, I paused. 20:46 I paused in the middle and some either I finished the Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon comes along and finishes the Shimon Shimon. 20:51 What's the Shimon Shimon? 20:53 What's the Shimon Shimon? 20:54 Here it is. Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Shimon Ultimately, again, if I paused, look how the Shimon Shimon if I paused the amount of time that it takes 21:07 to lift the animal, to push it down on the ground, and then to shecht. 21:12 If you pause that amount of time and you shecht, ultimately again, the animal's going to be invalid. 21:31 Interestingly enough, Shulchan Aruch says two things over here. 21:35 Number one, that the shiur for shehiya is the amount of time it takes to lift up an animal, push it down on the ground, and shecht it. 21:42 But then the Gemara says, the shiur is beheima for beheima, and all we're going to see in just a moment. 21:51 So again, you see it's a subjective shiur, based on the amount of time it would take to lift up, put down on the ground, and shecht the particular animal. 22:10 Okay? And again, I will say, depending on the type of animal, that will determine the shiur. 22:20 Um So it says here, interestingly enough, interestingly enough, he says over here, that halacha l'maaseh by a bird, by a bird, interesting, there's a machlokes. 22:36 There's a machlokes. Okay. 22:38 But again, it seems to be the way the Shulchan Aruch paskens is that the shiur shehiya by by bird is the same shiur shehiya ultimately again by a beheima daka. 22:46 So halacha l'maaseh, halacha l'maaseh, the way the Shulchan Aruch paskens is the shiur for shehiya is the amount of time it takes to lift up the animal, push it down on the ground, and shecht it. 22:59 Gasa for gasa, large animal for large animal, gakka for gakka small animal for small animal, the sheer for oath is the same sheer as behema daka. 23:08 Now look at this, the Rama however comes along. 23:10 This is fascinating. The Rama says, listen to this, hago van minog ha poshed be medinas aelu. 23:17 The Rama says, the general minog by us is la hatrif kol shihia. 23:23 A filo mashu bein both bein be behema ve ein lashanos. 23:30 He said, the Rama says, this is not our minog. 23:33 Our minog is any pause, any pause in shrita causes the shrita to be invalid. 23:40 The Rama says, this is how we pasken and do not deviate. 23:46 Fascinating. Fascinating. Ve ein lashanos. 23:48 Ve min tzar achar shrita Okay, he goes on, fine. 23:52 So what does he say? 23:52 So that's that's it. 23:53 Now again, I I I don't know. 23:55 I have I have to I didn't have a chance to look into this more. 23:57 So clearly, this is how Ashkenazim will pasken. 24:00 Again, what I quoted to you from beforehand was the Mechaber of Yosef Karo. 24:04 Yosef Karo is the one who says that the sheer shihia ultimately again is a subjective sheer. 24:08 Gassa for gassa, daka for daka, of goes like daka. 24:12 The Rama, Ramasha Islis, Ashkenazic Jews, any amount of pausing, right? 24:16 Any position ultimately again will go ahead and invalidate the shrita and his his wording is so strong. 24:23 Ein lashanos. Ein lashanos means we do not deviate from this. 24:26 Now, let me say, do you remember again the second question we had? 24:29 What about a number of smaller pauses? 24:32 Number of smaller pauses. 24:33 Shachat maat v'sha maat v'chaza v'shachat maat v'sha maat. 24:38 In kishut it started kol shio si a sheer shio so shrita so psula. 24:42 So let me say, so interestingly enough, case number two, now again, for us Ashkenazim, case number two actually doesn't matter, right? 24:48 Because remember again, what was we remember case number two? 24:50 Case number two was you pause a number of times, each time less than the disqualifying pause. 24:57 Do the smaller pauses combine to form a disqualifying pause? 25:00 Now again, for us Ashkenazim it makes no difference cuz there are the Rama just said any amount of possession ultimately is going to invalidate the shrita. 25:09 What about first side? 25:10 What about for R' Yosef Karo? 25:12 So the Mechaber paskens that smaller pauses absolutely combine into a larger pause. 25:17 And therefore halacha l'maaseh, if you pause the number of times during shrita, those smaller pauses combine together and will invalidate the shrita. 25:25 And lastly, remember again third case. 25:27 Third case was you're shachting the whole day with a dull knife. 25:31 Ha'shochet beheima b'sakin she'eino chad v'nis'akev k'shiur shi'ah b'shchitas shnei acharonim shel simanim sh'lo sh'lo rishon, harei zeh pasul. 25:41 Which actually I found interesting. 25:42 After sh'chitas rov echad b'of o rov shnayim b'beheima, ein sh'hiyah pasul. 25:46 What does it say? 25:46 Last case the Mechaber says >> [snorts] >> is after you've shachted either the majority of two simanim by beheima or the majority of one siman by an of, there is no longer a pasul of sh'hiyah. 25:58 That was the last question of the Gemara, which makes sense because once you've shachted the majority of two simanim by beheima, the sh'chita is done. 26:05 You've done the majority of one siman by by an of, the sh'chita is done. 26:09 Once the sh'chita is done, there is no longer any issue of sh'hiyah. 26:13 Incredible. Incredible. Good. What does it say? 26:16 Next Mishnah. Shachat es ha'veshet u'pasak es ha'gargeres. 26:19 So what happens? You shachted the esophagus and then I will say pasak means you tore. 26:25 You tore you tore the trachea. 26:27 Now again, I will say this this is talking about the pasul of ikur. 26:33 Ikur means I will say where let's say again, instead of going ahead and cutting the siman, ikur literally means to uproot. 26:39 To uproot. You are tearing the siman some way other than cutting it. 26:45 Other than cutting it. 26:46 So again, you shachted the veshet and then you went ahead and you tore or gargeres, right? 26:50 You shachted to esophagus, you cut the trachea. 26:53 Oh, es ha'gargeres or vice versa. 26:57 Oh, and then or you shocked to one of the simanim. 27:02 And you waited until the animal died after having one of the simanim cut. 27:08 Oh, so what says obviously again, these are all going to be invalidating cases. 27:12 Or as second cut the shinny or paschal. 27:17 Or you went ahead and you you cut one of the simanim and I will say then it's halada. 27:23 Halada literally means borrowing. 27:25 But but now, what does that mean? 27:27 It means as generally what say when you're doing shrita, you take your knife to the front of the neck of the animal and you cut from the front of the neck to the back of the neck. 27:36 Borrowing would be if you can imagine is if you insert the knife in the neck. 27:40 So let's say for imagine it, you you insert the knife in the back on the back of the neck. 27:44 And let's say again, what you do is you cut the esophagus or the trachea, but it'd be more common to do the esophagus. 27:50 You would cut the esophagus from the back going forward, right? 27:53 So you you've borrowed it into the neck and then cut it forward. 27:56 So interestingly enough, the the the siman has been cut, but as opposed to a cutting action that begins from outside the neck in, you borrowed the knife in and then cut from the inside out. 28:08 That's called halada and that also invalidates the shrita. 28:13 So what was saying now again, common denominator in all of these cases is you have an invalid shrita, right? 28:18 So either it's a case number one was egar, you cut one of the simanim and tore the other one. 28:23 Right? Case number two ultimately again is you cut one of the simanim, let the animal die, let the animal die, and then cut the other siman, right? 28:32 Or you went ahead and you borrowed the knife inside of the neck of the animal and cut from the inside out. 28:38 In all of these cases, you've done an invalid shrita. 28:41 So what says well, if you do an invalid shrita, the gemara says "Rebbi Shimon ben Avla Rebbi Shimon ben Avla says the animal is an aveilah. 28:48 An aveilah will say, what's the impact of being an aveilah? 28:51 An aveilah conveys tumah. 28:53 On the other hand, Rebbi Akiva Rebbi Akiva says, treifah. 28:56 Rebbi Akiva says, no, no, the animal's not an aveilah, the animal is a treifah. 29:01 Well, I'm Rebbi Shimon Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai. 29:04 So, Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai said a klal, he said a rule in the name of Rebbi Yehoshua. 29:07 Kosher nifsala bish'chitasah neveilah. 29:11 So, what's he saying? 29:11 Now, watch this. Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai said like this, anytime that an animal becomes invalidated during its process of sh'chitah, it becomes an aveilah. 29:20 Kol [snorts] kol kol sh'sh'chitasah karoi v'davar acher garam lah, anytime ultimately again you are doing a valid sh'chitah, and what? 29:28 Something else causes the invalidation, then ultimately [snorts] again gamlei pasul, treifah. 29:35 So, Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai said, this is really interesting cuz Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai wants to espouse a rule. 29:38 What's What's his rule? 29:40 Anytime an animal becomes invalidated during its process of sh'chitah, it is an aveilah. 29:47 Anytime the sh'chitah's fine, but there's something else that invalidated Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai. 29:52 What would be a What would be an incredible example of that? 29:54 An incredible example of that was the sh'chitah goes just fine, then you open up the animal. 29:58 Upon visual inspection, you see that there's some type of treifah. 30:02 I don't know, it has a hole in its brain, it has a hole in its uh has a hole in its uh lungs. 30:07 Right? Some type of treifah. 30:08 Then that's that is going to be a treifah. 30:10 Right? So, what's he saying? 30:11 The distinction, if the invalidation comes during the sh'chitah, during the sh'chitah, then the animal's an aveilah. 30:18 If the invalidation ultimately If the sh'chitah's fine, but the invalidation is a result of something else, the animal is a treifah. 30:26 So, the Gemara goes right there. 30:28 The Gemara says, v'hold Rebbi Akiva. 30:30 And at the end of the day, Rebbi Akiva actually comes around and agrees with Rebbi Shimon ben Yochai. 30:35 Incredible. So, the Gemara says like this. 30:36 So, what's he saying? 30:37 Now, watch this. Shachat es ha'beshet, shachat es ha'beshet, v'hold Rebbi Akiva. 30:42 So, remember again, so what's he saying? 30:43 So, in in the beginning of the Mishnah, in the beginning of the Mishnah, so Rabbi Akiva paskened that when an animal becomes invalidated during the shita process, it's a treifa. 30:52 Rabbi Ishmael says it's an aveila. 30:54 You got to also remember again, treifa and aveila is not academic, it's very important because an aveila will convey tumah, treifa does not. 31:01 So in the beginning there was this machlokes with Rabbi Akiva and and Rabbi Ishmael, but then the Mishnah said Rabbi Akiva came to agree with Rabbi Ishmael. 31:08 Beautiful, shalom aleichem. So now we raise a kasha from the Mishnah. 31:12 I'm going to raise a kasha. 31:13 Ailu treifos b'beheima. The following things ultimately again make an animal a treifa. 31:18 Let's go. Says the Gemara Amud Beis, nikuvah as ad v'shas. 31:22 So what say is that obviously again if the esophagus is perforated, right? 31:28 If the esophagus is perforated, or lugas hagargaros, or you go ahead and you uproot, right? 31:36 You go ahead and you tear. 31:37 Instead of cutting, you go ahead and you tear the trachea, the cutter, the gargares. 31:41 So what say is so what do you see from here? 31:43 What do you see from here? 31:44 That ultimately again halacha l'maaseh these are examples of things that halacha l'maaseh becoming invalid during the process of shita. 31:51 And yet again Rabbi Akiva is saying that it's a treifa. 31:54 That it's a treifa. 31:55 So it contradicts what we just said before. 31:56 We just said before that Rabbi Akiva agrees with Rabbi Ishmael. 32:00 What did Rabbi Ishmael say in the Mishnah? 32:02 That anytime an animal becomes invalidated during the process of shita itself, what is it? 32:07 Ultimately again it's an aveila, not a treifa. 32:10 And we said that even Rabbi Akiva agrees with that. 32:12 Now the Gemara quotes a braisa and Rabbi Akiva ultimately says that what's the definition of a treifa? 32:18 Even something which becomes invalidated during shita. 32:22 So he's contradicting himself. 32:25 So what does the Gemara say? 32:26 Rava says so what say is there are two contradictory statements. 32:29 So Rava says lo kasha, it's not a contradiction. 32:32 Kasha shatla b'masoch pasuk. 32:35 One is talking about a case over here where first shita occurred and then first the in the cutting of one simon occurred and then the dislodging of the second. 32:43 Concha pasak will the bass off shachat. 32:46 Here is talking about where the first simon was dislodged and then the second one was cut. 32:51 What's the distinction? Here we go. 32:53 Shachat will the bass off pasak. 32:55 If you cut the first and the second one was dislodged, nifselas bishchitehi. 33:00 Ultimately this is considered to be invalidating during the shita process. 33:05 And indeed Rabbi Akiva holds like Rabbi Yishmael that when something is invalidated during shita the animal becomes an aveila. 33:11 So the Gemara says, pasak will the bass off shachat, but if halacha l'maiseh the first simon was uprooted right you know what I'm saying I say uprooted anything other than cutting right and then the second one was cut, that's considered 33:23 to be ki davar acher garom lav li pasul damyo. 33:27 That's considered to be ultimately again like something else caused the invalidation and therefore the animal ultimately again will be a treifa not an aveila. 33:35 Okay. Says the Gemara Ace here of Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba bar Abba raised the question to Rabbah. 33:43 He is asking on Rabbah's interpretation. 33:45 Rabbah, is that really correct? 33:47 After all again the Gemara says, shachat es ha veshet u pasak es ha gargeres. 33:53 Yet if we go ahead and we cut the veshets and dislodge the gargeres or pasak es ha gargeres vi acharkach shachat ha veshet or vice versa. 34:03 Or you went ahead and you cut the gargeres and then afterwards I'm sorry you you uprooted the gargeres and afterwards cut the veshet, an aveila. 34:10 Ultimately again it's an aveila. 34:11 So we see that we're not making any kind of distinction. 34:14 Ema ukvar shachat es ha veshet meikara. 34:17 Says no no no, read it as he already cut the veshet from the beginning so he was cutting first cutting first and then ultimately uprooting afterwards. 34:26 So remember again cuz cuz the distinction that Rabbah wants to make over here is if you're cutting first uprooting second, that's called an invalidation Machmas Shrita. 34:35 If you're uprooting first and cutting second, that's called Davar Acher. 34:38 Our other state true as the Davar Acher says two problems with what you're saying. 34:40 Number one, Chada, the Ilo Kama says the same case. 34:44 Vote Hot Nam the Acher Katan. 34:46 Also it says Acher Katan after which indicates a progression. 34:49 Ela Amar Rava, rather Rava says Ilo Assuros Katoni. 34:53 But the way the Braisa should read is the following items are Assur. 34:57 The Ish Mehande Avelus, the Ish Mehande and Treifus. 35:01 Some of them are Nevelus and some of them are Treifus. 35:04 Okay? I will look show Nami de Chiskia. 35:08 Why not include the cases of Chiskia in this as well? 35:11 Davar Chiskia, Assur Gistara. 35:13 I don't know what passage you're doing. 35:14 You're just making a comprehensive list of things, some of which are Nevelus, some of which are Treifus. 35:20 So why not go ahead and also include the cases of Chiskia? 35:23 The Amar Chiskia, Assur Gistara Nevela. 35:28 So what was the number again in case of Gistara? 35:30 Gistara it means like you cut the animal in two. 35:33 Right? If you cut the animal in two, ultimately again that is considered to be a case of Nevela. 35:37 I will look show Nami de Rebbi Elazar. 35:40 Also include the case of Rebbi Elazar. 35:41 Davar Rebbi Elazar, Notla Yarech ve Chala Shel Nevela. 35:45 If you go ahead and you remove the thigh and ultimately again all of the flesh until the cavity of the thigh bone is exposed, ultimately again the animal is a Nevela. 35:53 To which the Amar says Ki Katoni Nevela de Lomis Tamah be Chaim. 35:57 What are we talking about over here? 35:58 We're talking about a Nevela that does not convey Tumah when the animal is still alive. 36:03 Again I will say Rashi points out over here, Me Chaim just means in these cases the animal may still be moving along or still be moving about. 36:12 Right? So even though again it's still moving about, it still conveys Tumas Nevela. 36:16 Davar Nevela de Metamei Chaim Lo Katoni. 36:18 A Nevela ultimately again which can convey Tumah ultimately again while the animal is quote unquote exhibiting signs of life, we're not including over here. 36:26 Okay? Rashi says so what does he say something. 36:27 That So therefore, that was Rabbi gave the first answer. 36:30 So just let let's let's see our answers over just a moment. 36:33 Kimar says as follows, Rabbi Ishmael gave a rule on the Mishnah. 36:36 What was his rule? 36:37 Anytime that an animal ultimately again anytime something goes wrong with the Shchita, Rabbi Ishmael says with Shchita itself and that invalidates the animal, the animal is an Avela. 36:49 In the Mishnah, Rabbi Akiva argued Rabbi Akiva says no, the animal is a Treifa. 36:55 Nafka Mina between Avela and Treifa, Avela can raise Tumah, Treifa does not. 36:59 The Mishnah then went on and said, but Rabbi Akiva came along and came to agree with Rabbi Ishmael. 37:07 Okay, so therefore we'll say when we finish the Mishnah, everybody is on the same page. 37:11 What's the same page? 37:12 That Halacha L'Maaseh when something goes wrong with the Shchita causing the animal to be invalid, the animal is an Avela. 37:21 Okay, then the Kimar quotes Then the Kimar quotes a Braisa. 37:26 And the Braisa says, "Ailu Treifos, the following animals are going to be Treifos." 37:32 And amongst those in that list are examples of where the Shchita was botched. 37:37 Was botched? And the assumption is that this Braisa reflects the view of Rabbi Akiva. 37:42 So here you have a Braisa that says that even a botched Shchita creates an Avela. 37:48 But one second, we just said in the Mishnah that Rabbi Akiva agrees with Rabbi Ishmael that when there is a botched Shchita, that's an Avela but not a Treifa. 37:55 So all we're trying to do is reconcile the Braisa with our Mishnah. 38:00 So the Kimar goes right there. 38:02 Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai says, "Kan Chashcha b'Makom Chatoch, Kan Chashcha b'Makom Chatoch." 38:08 What are we talking about over here? 38:09 We'll say we're talking about over here where Halacha L'Maaseh where Halacha L'Maaseh let's say the majority the let's say the Siman one of the Simanim was already cut. 38:18 There was a hole in it. 38:19 There was a the in it and therefore Halacha L'Maaseh again, you cut in the area where there was already a hole. 38:25 So if you go ahead and you cut, if you go ahead and you shut the animal, you cut along where the semen itself was already cut. 38:37 That's called that's called invalidation during and I love the animal will be the animal will be a will be an available. 38:48 So but ultimately again, if you go ahead and you shut it, you cut it not where the initial hole was, then I love that's considered to be a higher not the animal dying not as a result of about to eat 39:03 the and therefore again, it'll be a treater versus one second. 39:08 Did we say this distinction? 39:09 The mayor says I'm shut the second hour. 39:14 The Shira and if you want to have a and you cut the color. 39:18 The color is the trachea. 39:20 You cut in the color and afterwards again, there was a perforation in the lung. 39:24 They get a lot of going to talk about this case more tomorrow. 39:26 This is really fascinating. 39:28 Now the mayor says work by the understanding that how does air get into the lungs? 39:34 Right? The air gets into lungs through the trachea. 39:36 So ultimately and I watch this the mayor says, if you want to have this is how fascinating this is. 39:41 Now generally a hole in the lungs makes the animal a treater. 39:46 Right? Because a hole in the lungs is going to be a condition that is going to cause the animal to eminently die. 39:51 So watch what happened over here. 39:53 So I have as follows. 39:55 That if you shut the color, if you shut the color, you shut it first semen. 39:59 After you shut in the color, now there is a hole that developed in the lungs. 40:04 So what I say see what happened over here? 40:06 Shut in first semen and then a treater condition developed in the lung itself. 40:12 The mayor says Shira. 40:14 It's kosher. Now why is it kosher? 40:15 What I say number one why is it kosher? 40:17 Because the Gemara says because alma kiman d'man because they all say once you shaft the trachea, what's the status of the lungs? 40:26 What's the status of the lungs after you shaft the trachea? 40:28 What do the Gemara says? 40:29 It's as if it's sitting in a basket. 40:30 In other words, once you cut the trachea, the lungs are irrelevant. 40:34 The lungs are irrelevant because in other words, so and again, I want to point out of here like like most things in life, timing is everything, right? 40:42 Because remember again, when did the hole develop in the lungs? 40:45 After the trachea was cut. 40:46 Obviously again, if the hole developed in the lungs before the trachea was cut, that's a treifa that'll that'll invalidate the animal. 40:52 But al loch al mai so here in this case, you cut the trachea first, then the hole developed in the lungs, it's totally fine. 41:00 Why don't we say kiman d'man You should say the same thing over here. 41:04 Ultimately again, in the case in in the case of Resh Lakish, to which the Gemara says great. 41:12 Look at you. Stop. 41:13 Everyone stop getting all worked up over this Mishna braysa. 41:20 Why are we getting all worked up? 41:21 Let's one more time. 41:22 Why are we getting all worked up? 41:23 Why are we getting all worked up? 41:25 Am I the only one who's getting worked up over here over this, right? 41:27 I said why why why are we getting worked up? 41:29 We're getting worked up because again, the Mishna had a machlokes Akiva and Rabbi Yishmael. 41:33 What was the machlokes? 41:34 An animal dies as a result of a botched shchita. 41:37 Botched shchita. Rabbi Yishmael, the animal is an aveila. 41:40 Rabbi Akiva, the animal is a treifa. 41:42 But then the Mishna says, oh, Rabbi Akiva comes along to agree with Rabbi Yishmael that al loch al mai the animal is an aveila. 41:48 Then the Gemara quotes a braysa. 41:49 What does the braysa say? 41:50 A list of treifas. 41:51 The following is a list of animals which are treifas and included in that list is an animal that dies as a as a result of a botched shchita. 41:58 So what's the contradiction? 42:00 Because he told me that Rabbi Akiva agrees with Rabbi Yishmael that when an animal dies as a result of a botched shchita, the animal is an aveila. 42:06 But yet here in the braysa, Rabbi Akiva is on record as saying that the animal is an I'm sorry, the animal is a treifa. 42:12 So, which one is it? 42:14 To which is incredible. 42:15 So, we're trying So, again, we've got Rava, we've got Resh Lakish. 42:19 Everyone's trying to reconcile it. 42:21 Finally comes and says calm down. 42:24 Lo kashya. Kan kodem chazara, kan achar chazara. 42:29 They will say, it's just two different time frames. 42:32 The Mishnah, right, the Mishnah obviously tells us that Rabbi Akiva retracted his original opinion. 42:38 He retracted his original opinion. 42:40 And ultimately I say agree with Rabbi Ishmael. 42:43 That's it. The braisa is pre-retraction. 42:47 That's it. That's it. 42:49 The braisa is just pre-retraction. 42:51 The braisa reflects the view of Rabbi Akiva before he retracted his opinion and came along to Rabbi Ishmael. 42:58 That's it. That's it. 43:00 We don't have to reconcile. 43:01 We don't have to figure out how to fit everything together. 43:03 That is it. Mishnah lo zaza min koma. 43:07 And ultimately again, the Mishnah, however, that I was Rabbi Shimon Akiva did not move from its place. 43:13 The Mishnah did not move from its place. 43:15 So, I will say that that I will say Rashi says over here Mishnah the treifus Mishnah I will say lo zaza min koma. 43:23 Lo shacha I will say Mishnah So, Mishnah I will say Mishnah ultimately again remained in its place even though Rabbi Akiva's opinion changed, they still kept this original Mishnah treifus the way that it initially was. 43:39 And that's it. And therefore, there's no contradiction. 43:42 Just our Mishnah represents Rabbi Akiva I will say I will say the chronological order is the Mishnah treifus came before our Mishnah that we just read in our Shulchan Aruch, right? 43:51 The Mishnah treifus reflects Rabbi Akiva pre-retraction. 43:56 And the Mishnah that we just read ultimately again is Rabbi Akiva ultimately again post-retraction. 44:01 And therefore again, two different ways of Rabbi Akiva. 44:03 The bottom line, where we stand right now, Rabbi Akiva changes his position, agrees with Rabbi Ishmael ultimately again that when an animal dies as a result of a botched shita, the animal is in fact considered to be an animal that 44:15 was two important pieces of Musar Haskel. 44:17 Two important pieces of Musar Haskel. 44:19 Now, what are those two things? 44:19 Number one, in life, it is okay to change your mind. 44:23 It's okay to change your mind. 44:25 A lot of times in life we become so intractable. 44:28 We become so embedded in our ideas, in our hashkafahs, and in our isms, and even when we see that it is clearly wrong and clearly not serving our goals. 44:37 And by the way, maybe it was always wrong, but sometimes in life, you know, you have certain outlooks and ideas that work when you were 20, but they don't work when you're 50. 44:45 And we become so reticent to change our outlooks, to change our This is This is This is what I do. 44:51 This is who I am. 44:52 This is who I believe. 44:54 If Rabbi Akiva could change his mind, if Rabbi Akiva could change his mind, I can change my mind as well. 45:00 That's number one. Number two, the most incredible line in the world, "U'Mishna lo zaza mimkomah." 45:07 "U'Mishna lo zaza mimkomah." 45:09 The Mishna never moves. 45:12 In our world, in our world, everything is always changing. 45:17 In our world, everything is always moving, right? 45:20 It always feels like the ground is shifting underneath us. 45:24 Society has its own values, its own ideas. 45:27 Society has different ideas often on what's right, what's wrong. 45:31 How do you say How do you go ahead and keep yourself from slipping into the abyss of sometimes what society Greater society has become? 45:40 You have to hold on to an anchor. 45:42 How do you say What makes an anchor an anchor? 45:44 What makes an anchor an anchor? 45:45 It remains in place. 45:47 The greatest anchor in the world is Torah. 45:50 Why? Because "U'Mishna lo zaza mimkomah." 45:53 The world could change whatever it wants, but the beauty of Torah, isn't it the most incredible thing that when you sit down and you learn a block of Gemara, that it's the same Gemara that our fathers, our grandfathers, our great-grandfathers 46:05 that for who knows how many generations before us It's Maseches Gittin daf lamed beis. 46:10 It's the same right? 46:11 It's not the shat Oh, that's interesting, you know, my grandfather had a different Gemara. 46:15 No, he didn't. No, he didn't. 46:17 Mishnah lo zaza mimkomo. 46:18 We both say what we do each and every day on this stand. 46:20 It's not just simple learning, but ultimately again, we are anchoring ourselves so that no matter how much the winds of change, right? 46:27 no matter how much societal winds press against us, we are always anchored. 46:32 Mishnah lo zaza mimkomo. 46:34 We're anchored in our Yiddishkeit. 46:35 We're anchored in our Torah, and we're anchored in the Ribono shel Olam. 46:38 So, let's stop over here. 46:39 Shkoyach. Hey, hey, shkoyach.
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